- Metal Roofing Their self-drilling capability allows for quick installation of metal roofing panels, avoiding the issues associated with leaks from improperly placed fasteners.
TiO2 is typically thought of as being chemically inert, meaning it does not react with other chemicals and is, therefore, a stable substance that can be used in many different industries and for various applications.
- The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has identified Titanium Dioxide as a Group 2B Carcinogen - an agent that is “possibly carcinogenic” to humans but lacks sufficient human research.(1)
- Overall, titanium dioxide plays a vital role in both industrial applications and environmental protection. With China leading the way in the production of high-purity titanium dioxide, the country is well-positioned to meet the growing demand for this essential mineral. By continuing to invest in research and development, China can further enhance its capabilities in titanium dioxide production and contribute to the advancement of global technological innovation.
The assessment was conducted following a rigorous methodology and taking into consideration many thousands of studies that have become available since EFSA’s previous assessment in 2016, including new scientific evidence and data on nanoparticles.
Lithopone in plastics and masterbatch
The FDA categorized titanium dioxide as “Generally Recognized as Safe,” but there are warnings about its potential dangers from other organizations.
European food safety regulators have since labeled titanium dioxide as no longer safe for human consumption, due to its potential toxicity.



In the same year (2019), the Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA) also delivered an opinion on possible health effects of food additive titanium dioxide, which highlighted the importance of examining immunotoxicological effects in addition to potential reprotoxicological effects.
Food preservation and packaging
If you're curious about whether something you’re eating contains titanium dioxide, you can check the ingredients list. But know that the FDA doesn’t require food makers to use its chemical name on an ingredients list. Instead, it could be listed as:
2C+O2→2CO2


The morphology of vitaminB2@P25TiO2NPs is coherent with the description of Degussa P25 typical population. Size distribution histograms were made from manual measures of the nanoparticles observed in SEM micrographs using ImageJ®. This data showed that more than 70% is anatase (between 20 and 60 nm) with a minor amount of rutile characteristic bars (between 80 and 100 nm) and a small amount of amorphous phase (<40 nm) [36]. Further analysis of the same sample areas with an EDS probe demonstrated the presence of organic material composed of C and O (Fig. 2). This material was found homogeneously distributed on the surface of the different shapes of P25TiO2NP, not in the background, indicating a specific interaction that could be attributed to the functionalization of the P25TiO2NPs with vitamin B2.
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Thanks to its rheological and optical properties, Lithopone 30% offers both technical and economic advantages in the substitution of titanium dioxide in different applications. Among these advantages, it has been observed that Lithopone 30% has algaecidal properties in paints, which gives greater protection to the coating.
Is titanium dioxide illegal in other countries?
The most common foods containing titanium dioxide are chewing gum, candies, pastries, chocolates, coffee creamers, and cake decorations (1Trusted Source, 3Trusted Source).
A Lawsuit Claims Skittles Are Unfit for Consumption. Experts Weigh in, by Rachel Rabkin Peachman, The New York Times, July 26, 2022
Key benefits for stakeholders

The element titanium and the compound TiO2 are found around the world, linked to other elements such as iron, in several kinds of rock and mineral sands (including a component of some beach sands). Titanium most commonly occurs as the mineral ilmenite (a titanium-iron oxide mineral) and sometimes as the mineral rutile, a form of TiO2. These inert molecular compounds must be separated through a chemical process to create pure TiO2.

