3. Application Consider the type of project you are working on. For furniture that will bear weight, such as shelves or cabinets, opt for screws or dowels that provide a strong and durable connection.

2. Improved Aesthetics The countersunk head design provides a neat appearance, especially in visible or decorative applications. This feature is vital for projects where aesthetics are as crucial as functionality.

2. Head Design The wafer head design provides an expanded bearing surface, allowing for better load distribution when fastened. This is essential in applications where a secure connection is critical to performance and safety.

In the United States, ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standards define the specifications for shear studs. For instance, ASTM A108 has specifications for carbon steel shear studs, which are often used due to their strength and ease of welding. The tolerances for size are usually specified to ensure consistency in performance and reliability in construction.