As can be seen from the seal cross-section shown in Fig. 14.2, shaft seals are complex shapes that require advanced mold design and molding techniques (see Section 7.3 for discussion of fluoroelastomer molding). For some time, most shaft seals were made in the United States by compression molding. Injection molding of shaft seals is prevalent in Europe, and is being used increasingly in the United States. An advantage of compression molding is that preforms (usually rings cut from extruded tubing) are used that closely approximate the amount of stock required for the final parts, so compound waste is minimized. For injection molding, the amount of cured stock in the central sprue and runner (actually a thin sheet leading to the seal lip) is often large compared to the stock required for the final part, so the waste of high-cost fluoroelastomer may be high. Such waste is reduced in modern injection molding designs.
VMQ (silicone)
This represents a new generation of oil seals.
Make sure that the new gasket is clean, and confirm which way round it fits. The upper side is usually marked 'top', 'haut' or 'oben'.
Clean all dirt and oil from the housing, and set the new seal in place with its open (spring) side towards the engine.
There may be a thick spacer gasket between two thin paper ones. Check the spacer for cracks. If it needs replacing, be sure the new one is the right thickness, because this governs the fuel-pump lever stroke .
Rotary Wheel Of Auto Parts

HID (High Intensity Discharge)
Most standard oil seals have to comply with the DIN 3760 and ISO 6194 standards. Different standard types of oil seals are available that comply with these requirements.