1. High Load Capacity One of the most significant advantages of expandable anchors is their ability to bear substantial loads. This capability makes them suitable for demanding applications, such as securing machinery or structural supports in buildings. When properly installed, they provide a level of reliability that is crucial in construction scenarios.
stainless steel tek screws. In construction, they are often used in structural steel connections, HVAC systems, and even in the assembly of furniture and appliances. Their aesthetic appeal, combined with their functional benefits, makes them a popular choice for both industrial and residential projects.Another advantage of using galvanised hex head bolts is their cost-effectiveness. While they may be slightly more expensive than regular steel bolts, their long lifespan and resistance to corrosion make them a smart investment in the long run. By using galvanised hex head bolts in your construction projects, you can save money on costly repairs and replacements down the line.
Background and overview
Globally, Iron Oxide is the second largest inorganic pigment after Titanium Dioxide and the first largest color inorganic pigment. Iron oxide pigments mainly include iron oxide red, yellow, black and brown with iron oxide as the basic material. Iron oxide yellow, also known as hydroxyl iron oxide (FeOOH), will be dehydrated and decomposed into red at about 177 ℃, so the application of ordinary iron yellow pigment in high-temperature occasions such as plastic processing and baking coatings is limited. Iron oxide yellow pigment can improve its temperature resistance through surface coating, so as to expand the application field of iron oxide yellow pigment.
The chemical formula of iron oxide yellow (also known as hydroxyl iron) is α- Fe2O3 · H2O or α- FeOOH, with needle like structure and yellow powder, is a kind of particle size less than 0.1 μ m. Iron series pigment with good dispersibility in transparent medium has strong coloring power, high covering power, insoluble in alkali and slightly soluble in ACID. Synthetic iron oxide yellow has the characteristics of light resistance, good dispersion, non-toxic, tasteless and difficult to be absorbed by human body. It is widely used in coatings, plastics, ink and pharmaceutical industry.
Physical and chemical properties and structure
1. Iron oxide yellow pigment has acid and alkali resistance, resistance to general weak and dilute acids, and is very stable in alkaline solution of any concentration.
2. Iron oxide yellow pigment has certain light resistance, heat resistance and weather resistance. Its coating color is durable and can keep the coating from being damaged in light. Iron oxide yellow pigment is stable in a certain temperature range, but beyond the limit temperature, its color begins to change, and the degree of change is more significant with the increase of temperature. Iron oxide yellow pigment is not affected by cold, heat, dry and wet weather conditions.
3. Iron oxide yellow pigment is very stable in any ambient atmosphere (such as gases containing H 2S, Co, so 2, HCl, no, etc.). And resistant to pollution, water, oil and solvent penetration, insoluble in water, mineral oil or vegetable oil.
4. Iron oxide yellow pigment has strong coloring power and high hiding power. With the decrease of pigment particle size, its coloring power is stronger.
application
Nano iron oxide yellow has the characteristics of acid resistance, alkali resistance, non toxicity and low price. It is widely used in coatings, plastics and rubber. The particle size of nano iron yellow is less than 100 nm, which makes it have some unique characteristics. When light shines on its surface, transmission and diffraction will occur, showing transparent yellow, and can strongly absorb ultraviolet rays, Therefore, it can be used as a functional pigment for the surface paint of high-grade cars, precision instruments, bicycles, motorcycles, cosmetics, food, drugs and other coloring additives.
Currently, titanium dioxide as a food additive is classified as GRAS, or “generally recognized as safe.”
China is at the forefront of the titanium dioxide industry, with manufacturers like Lomon producing high-quality products such as R996 grade titanium dioxide for the paint industry. Titanium dioxide is a crucial ingredient in paint production, as it provides opacity, brightness, and UV protection to the finished product.
When E171 isn’t combined with other ingredients and administered in water, some studies suggest that under these artificial conditions, E171 may be processed differently in the body resulting in some biological changes in experimental animals that are poorly understood.
While IARC listed titanium dioxide as “possibly carcinogenic to humans,” they also add that “there is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of titanium dioxide.” Of the four human studies that they reviewed, only one showed a potential risk for occupational workers inhaling titanium dioxide particles and lung cancer, while the other three showed no risk for cancer at all. And it’s key to note that IARC did not assess the effects of titanium dioxide found in foods.
Even though it is one of the most-produced chemicals, the real and potential benefits of titanium dioxide are not without controversies. Dust inhalation may cause breathing problems. Titanium dioxide has been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as an Group 2B carcinogen, a “possible carcinogen to humans,” based on studies of rats that inhaled the substance.
Although most studies to date show no harmful effects of titanium dioxide consumption, few long-term human studies are available. Therefore, more research is needed to better understand its role in human health (16Trusted Source, 18Trusted Source).
This article reviews the uses, benefits, and safety of titanium dioxide.
The price of Titanium Dioxide in Taiwan rose considerably throughout December 2018, reaching 3,750 USD per metric ton. The price in Taiwan is 10% higher than the average price in the previous month and 1% higher than the average price one year before. In contrast, Titanium Dioxide prices in India were flat during December 2018, and were decline when compared to the average price in the preceding yeara decline of 3% from the previous year’s price.
The construction sector, which accounts for a significant portion of China's GDP, is one of the largest consumers of titanium dioxide, using it extensively in paints and coatings The construction sector, which accounts for a significant portion of China's GDP, is one of the largest consumers of titanium dioxide, using it extensively in paints and coatingschina talc titanium dioxide. Similarly, the country's booming cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries have fueled demand for talc, which is used as a filler, absorbent, and lubricant in many products.The cytotoxic effect was tested through the colorimetric assay employing 3′-[1-[(phenylamino) -carbonyl]−3,4-tetrazolium]-bis(4‑methoxy-6-nitro) benzene-sulfonic acid hydrate (XTT) by reading the absorbance at 490 nm after 3 h of incubation post treatment [28]. The absorbance is proportional to the metabolic rate of viable (live) cells.
For people in occupational settings that increase the risk of titanium dioxide exposure, taking protective measures is helpful. This may include wearing protective equipment, such as respirators, and using ventilation systems.
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Oman Bans Food Products Containing Titanium Dioxide, by Gulf News Report, July 23, 2023